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India frontrunner in mediation between Russia, Ukraine

Aย negotiatedย conclusionย toย theย conflict between Russia and Ukraine crisisย isย becomingย moreย andย moreย ofย anย Asianย priority.ย Chinaย andย Indiaย areย alsoย aimingย toย playย aย moreย mediatingย role,ย withย speculationsย inย theย mediaย suggestingย thatย Primeย Ministerย Narendraย Modiย mayย visitย Kyivย inย August.

Ifย confirmed,ย Modi’sย visitย wouldย occurย justย aย fewย weeksย afterย theย Westernย worldย stronglyย criticizedย himย forย travelingย toย Russiaย inย earlyย July,ย aย decisionย thatย Washingtonย regardedย asย “concernful”ย andย thatย Ukrainianย Presidentย Volodymyrย Zelenskyyย referredย toย asย “aย hugeย disappointmentย andย aย devastatingย blowย toย peaceย efforts.”

However,ย theย effortย wouldย alsoย coincideย withย stepsย takenย byย theย Unitedย Statesย andย Europeย toย stepย upย armsย salesย toย Kyiv.ย Thisย isย becauseย theย Westย wantsย toย eitherย compelย Moscowย toย removeย itsย soldiersย fromย allย ofย Ukrainianย landย or,ย atย theย veryย least,ย giveย Kyivย theย leverageย itย needsย toย negotiateย aย peaceย agreement.

Thatย beingย said,ย othersย claimย that,ย atย leastย inย theย shortย run,ย attainingย suchย resultsย hasย grownย moreย challengingย asย Russianย forcesย continueย toย achieveย smallย victoriesย onย theย field. Dueย ofย this,ย Chinaย andย India,ย whoย bothย haveย strongย commercialย relationsย withย theย Westย andย Russia,ย haveย startedย toย speakย outย moreย inย favorย ofย aย diplomaticย settlement.

Indianย Foreignย Ministerย S.ย Jaishankarย toldย reportersย inย Tokyoย onย Monday,ย “Ourย feelingย todayย isย thatย moreย needsย toย beย doneย andย thatย weย shouldย notย resignย ourselvesย toย theย continuationย ofย theย currentย stateย ofย conflict.”ย 

Heย alsoย emphasizedย that India will useย itsย relationsย withย bothย sidesย toย becomeย “moreย active”ย inย resolvingย theย conflict.

Insistingย thatย theย war,ย whichย isย alreadyย inย itsย thirdย year,ย willย notย beย endedย militarily,ย Jaishankarย said,ย “it’sย importantย forย everybodyย toย doย whateverย theyย canย toย seeย if,ย inย someย way,ย somethingย improvesย andย aย moveย outย ofย theย battlefieldย andย intoย theย conferenceย tableย canย takeย place.”

Aย fewย weeksย prior,ย Modiย sentย aย similarย messageย toย Russianย Presidentย Vladimirย Putin,ย assertingย thatย inย theย faceย ofย bombs,ย guns,ย andย bullets,ย peaceย negotiationsย andย solutionsย “doย notย succeed.”

Modi,ย whoย wasย justย electedย toย aย thirdย termย asย primeย leaderย ofย India,ย warnedย Putinย thatย “weย willย haveย toย followย theย pathย toย peaceย onlyย throughย talks.”

Whileย Jaishankarย refutedย allegationsย thatย theย Southย Asianย nationย wasย seekingย toย playย โ€œaย responsibleย roleย globally,โ€ย speculationย aboutย theย travelย toย Ukraineย gainedย momentumย onย Tuesdayย followingย remarksย madeย byย U.S.ย Deputyย Secretaryย ofย Stateย Kurtย Campbell.

Inย testimonyย beforeย theย Senateย Foreignย Relationsย Committee,ย aย seniorย U.S.ย officialย stated,ย “We’reย likelyย toย hearย newsย ofย Indiaย engagingย moreย directlyย inย Ukraine.”

Newย Delhiย hasย comeย underย fireย forย itsย decisionย toย drasticallyย increaseย Russianย oilย importsย sinceย theย startย ofย theย warย andย forย refusingย toย publiclyย criticizeย Moscowย overย theย invasionย ofย Ukraine.ย Theseย actionsย standย inย starkย contrastย toย Westernย effortsย toย bothย isolateย andย weakenย Russiaย internationallyย andย economically.

Theย purportedย travelย hasย notย yetย beenย verifiedย byย theย Indianย authorities. However,ย someย claimย thatย Modi’sย recentย visitย toย Moscowย hasย drawnย criticism,ย whichย mayย haveย anย impactย onย hisย ambitions.

Defenseย expertย Rahulย Bedi,ย headquarteredย inย Newย Delhi,ย stated,ย “Modiย hasย notย takenย thisย (criticism)ย wellย andย isย tryingย toย makeย amendsย byย planningย aย visitย toย Ukraine,ย datesย forย whichย haveย notย yetย beenย confirmed.”

Washingtonย hasย urgedย Newย Delhiย toย stateย unequivocallyย thatย anyย settlementย ofย theย conflictย “needsย toย beย oneย thatย respectsย theย U.N.ย charter”ย inย additionย toย Ukraine’sย sovereigntyย andย territorialย integrity.

Heย wentย onย toย sayย thatย oneย shouldย “primarilyย seeย aย Modiย visitย toย Kyivย inย theย contextย ofย geopoliticalย maneuvering.”

Ifย theย tripย happens,ย Modiย isย expectedย toย reaffirmย hisย commitmentย toย diplomaticย meansย ofย endingย theย conflict,ย accordingย toย Maslow.

However,ย itย isย stillย unclearย whatย specificย peaceย effortsย mightย resultย fromย takingย aย moreย activeย partย inย internationalย conflictย resolution,ย evenย ifย thisย wouldย undoubtedlyย assistย elevateย hisย foreignย policyย profileย beyondย simpleย rhetoric.

Some,ย likeย C.ย Rajaย Mohan,ย aย visitingย researchย professorย atย theย Instituteย ofย Southย Asianย Studiesย inย Singapore,ย suggestedย thatย aย Modiย visitย toย Kyivย mayย assistย inย reshapingย India’sย strategyย forย Europeanย security,ย whichย hasย slippedย fromย Newย Delhi’sย strategicย considerationsย inย recentย years.

Dependingย onย theย outcomeย ofย theย USย presidentialย electionย inย November,ย aย chanceย forย aย negotiatedย settlementย mayย presentย itselfย soonerย thanย anticipated.

Theย Democraticย nomineeย forย viceย president,ย Kamalaย Harris,ย isย anticipatedย toย adoptย aย similarย platformย toย thatย ofย Presidentย Joeย Biden,ย butย herย opponent,ย theย formerย presidentย Donaldย Trump,ย aย Republican,ย hasย madeย itย clearย thatย ifย elected,ย heย willย putย anย endย toย theย conflictย inย aย singleย day.

Similarย calculationsย mightย beย madeย byย China,ย whichย hasย comeย underย fireย fromย theย Westย forย givingย Russiaย dual-useย goodsย withย bothย militaryย andย civilianย uses. Foreignย Ministerย Dmytroย Kuleba,ย theย firstย seniorย officialย fromย Ukraineย sinceย theย warย started,ย wasย hostedย byย China’sย topย diplomat,ย Wangย Yi,ย lastย week.

Althoughย theย circumstancesย andย timingย wereย “notย yetย ripe”ย forย peaceย talks,ย bothย Russiaย andย Ukraineย “haveย sentย signalsย ofย willingnessย toย negotiateย toย varyingย degrees,”ย accordingย toย aย statementย fromย China’sย Foreignย Ministryย quotingย Wang.

Aย fewย daysย later,ย Beijingย sentย itsย specialย envoyย forย Eurasianย mattersย toย Brazil,ย Southย Africa,ย andย Indonesiaย withย theย goalย ofย “creatingย conditionsย forย theย resumptionย ofย peaceย talks,”ย continuingย itsย diplomaticย effort.

Also Read: The geopolitical implications of PM Modi visit to Ukraine

Itย isย unclearย ifย Newย Delhi’sย ambitionsย forย greaterย interactionย withย Kievย haveย involvedย Washington,ย whichย seesย Indiaย asย aย keyย allyย inย itsย effortsย toย challengeย China.

Itย wouldย beย challengingย forย theย presentย U.S.ย governmentย toย makeย anyย significantย policyย orย strategyย adjustmentsย justย beforeย theย election,ย accordingย toย Chong,ย evenย thoughย theย Democratsย wouldย undoubtedlyย applaudย anyย newย effortsย theyย couldย useย duringย theย campaignย asย accomplishmentsย inย foreignย policy.

Inย agreement,ย Bediย statedย thatย theย Bidenย administrationย isย “unlikelyย toย beย overtlyย responsiveย toย anyย peaceย overturesย comingย fromย Chinaย orย India.”ย Theย Bidenย administrationย hasย longย pursuedย itsย ownย diplomatic,ย security,ย andย politicalย agendaย withย regardย toย Ukraine.

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