HomeDefenseIndia looking beyond Sukhoi, eyeing 5th-6th generation jets

India looking beyond Sukhoi, eyeing 5th-6th generation jets

India’sย fleetย ofย Su-30MKIย fighterย jetsย mayย eventuallyย needย toย beย replacedย dueย toย advancementsย inย aerospaceย technology,ย evenย withย plannedย modifications. Theย Super-Sukhoi,ย anย upgradeย intendedย toย bringย theย Su-30MKIย closerย toย theย Su-35S’sย capabilities,ย willย stillย beย limitedย inย termsย ofย infraredย signatureย (IRS)ย andย radarย cross-sectionย (RCS).

Allย ofย theseย things,ย togetherย withย theย speedย atย whichย radars,ย surface-to-airย missilesย (SAMs),ย andย air-to-airย missilesย (AAMs)ย areย developing,ย highlightย theย necessityย ofย developingย next-generationย aircraftย thatย areย effectiveย againstย contemporaryย airย threats.

Fighterย planesย ofย theย fifthย andย sixthย generationsย areย outfittedย withย theย newestย technologyย toย outperformย opponentsย andย areย intendedย toย functionย asย “spiesย andย snipers.” Althoughย theseย sophisticatedย aircraftย canย beย supplementedย byย olderย models,ย frontlineย fightersย needย toย haveย theย mostย recentย stealth,ย sensors,ย andย weapons.

Evenย afterย beingย upgradedย toย aย Super-Sukhoi,ย theย Su-30MKIย wouldย inevitablyย lagย behindย inย theseย areasย asย opponentsย deployย increasinglyย sophisticatedย systemsย designedย toย fightย fifth-generationย aircraft.

Anย aircraftย mustย undergoย aย generationalย leapย inย designย andย technologyย whenย itsย engineย orย airframeย canย noย longerย fulfillย theย demandsย ofย modernย combat. Itย willย takeย yearsย ofย studyย andย developmentย toย makeย thisย shift. Theย requirementย forย Europeย toย catchย upย toย theย Unitedย Statesย inย thisย areaย isย reflectedย inย itsย choiceย toย foregoย theย fifthย generationย andย goย straightย toย sixth-generationย initiativesย likeย theย Futureย Combatย Airย Systemย (FCAS)ย andย Globalย Combatย Airย Programmeย (GCAP).

Developingย aย fifth-generationย fighterย aircraftย isย aย criticalย milestoneย thatย India’sย Advancedย Mediumย Combatย Aircraftย (AMCA)ย projectย represents. Nevertheless,ย theย AMCAย programย isย movingย slowly,ย muchย likeย theย Lightย Combatย Aircraftย (LCA)ย program.

Theย absenceย ofย appropriateย engines,ย whetherย producedย domestically,ย obtainedย throughย partnerships,ย orย imported,ย isย oneย ofย theย primaryย obstacles. Theย initiativeย runsย theย dangerย ofย delaysย andย difficultiesย inย theย prototypeย phaseย withoutย dependableย enginesย toย experimentย with.

Theย difficultiesย inย obtainingย cutting-edgeย technologyย areย highlightedย byย India’sย decisionย toย leaveย theย PAKย FA/FGFAย dealย withย Russiaย becauseย ofย aย lackย ofย technologyย transferย (ToT)ย onย theย Su-57. Whileย thereย haveย beenย rumorsย ofย obtainingย Su-57sย asย aย temporaryย fix,ย thisย doesย notย addressย theย long-termย requirementย forย aย fifth-ย orย sixth-generationย fighterย manufacturedย domestically.

Whileย India’sย fifth-generationย fighterย programย confrontsย obstacles,ย itsย regionalย rivalsย areย makingย notableย progress. Chinaย isย anticipatedย toย fieldย J-31/35ย versionsย andย hasย builtย aย significantย numberย ofย J-20ย fighters. Likeย howย theย X-35ย developedย intoย theย F-35,ย Southย Koreaย isย readyย toย advanceย itsย capabilitiesย withย itsย KF-21ย Boramae.

Evenย smallerย nations,ย suchย asย Swedenย andย Turkey,ย areย makingย progressย withย theirย fighterย aircraftย programs.ย Swedenย isย currentlyย examiningย itsย Flygsystemย 2020ย programย beforeย decidingย toย joinย GCAPย orย FCAS,ย whileย Turkeyย recentlyย conductedย itsย firstย flightย withย theย Kaan.

Theย competitionย inย theย regionย mayย beย furtherย heightenedย ifย Pakistanย triedย toย createย aย one-engineย fighterย toย replaceย theย JF-17ย withย China’sย help. Inย lightย ofย theseย obstaclesย andย advancements,ย Indiaย needsย toย striveย toย produceย aย fighterย thatย isย atย leastย 5.5ย generationsย old. Suchย anย aircraftย shouldย beย ableย toย fulfillย theย needsย ofย modernย combatย andย haveย enoughย thrustย andย interiorย volumeย forย newย armaments,ย equipment,ย andย fuel.

Becauseย itย usesย itsย cannonย forย closeย quartersย fightingย andย reliesย onย aย greaterย probabilityย ofย killย (Pk)ย withย lessย beyond-visual-rangeย air-to-airย missilesย (BVR-AAMs),ย theย AMCAย mayย needย toย carryย fewerย weaponsย internallyย inย itsย stealthย version.

Althoughย India’sย slowย progressย inย developingย aerospaceย enginesย hasย createdย aย bottleneck,ย thereย isย yetย hope. Fundsย forย engineย developmentย mustย beย approvedย byย theย nation,ย whetherย theyย comeย fromย imports,ย jointย ventures,ย orย theย Gasย Turbineย Researchย Establishmentย (GTRE). Futureย advancedย heavyย jets,ย theย AMCA,ย theย Mediumย Weightย Fighterย (MWF),ย andย theย Twinย Engineย Deck-Basedย Fighterย (TEDBF)ย willย allย requireย theseย engines.

Thereย isย roomย forย cooperationย withย ISROย evenย thoughย organizationsย likeย theย Nationalย Aerospaceย Laboratoriesย (NAL),ย theย Aeronauticalย Developmentย Agencyย (ADA),ย andย theย DRDOย areย overburdenedย withย currentย programs. Significantย advancementsย inย avionicsย andย materialsย scienceย madeย byย theย spaceย agencyย mayย helpย buildย variableย cycleย enginesย andย otherย cutting-edgeย technology.

Everย sinceย theย inceptionย ofย prototypesย suchย asย theย T-10ย andย sophisticatedย aircraftย likeย theย MiG-25ย andย F-15,ย itย isย certainย thatย Indianย scientistsย andย engineersย haveย envisionedย producingย aย domesticallyย producedย jetย ofย comparableย quality. Itย isย moreย importantย thanย everย toย useย theย resourcesย atย handย toย continueย researchย andย development. Itย wouldย takeย decadesย forย Indiaย toย catchย upย toย Westernย standardsย ofย quality,ย butย withย consistentย improvement,ย itย canย doย so.

Also Read: DRDO to start Phase-III of ballistic missile defence shield for India

Indiaย needsย toย concentrateย onย creatingย aย fighterย jetย thatย canย withstandย theย strainsย ofย contemporaryย combatย asย itย looksย toย theย future. Theย Su-30MKIย fleet’sย lifespanย willย beย increasedย byย theย Super-Sukhoiย upgrade,ย butย theย ultimateย objectiveย shouldย beย theย creationย ofย aย fighterย thatย isย 5.5ย generationsย orย moreย advanced. Indiaย isย ableย toย guaranteeย itsย positionย inย theย futureย generationย ofย airย superiorityย byย utilizingย itsย ownย expertise,ย workingย withย organizationsย suchย asย ISRO,ย andย obtainingย theย requiredย capitalย andย technology.

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